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Dyaus (Vedic Sanskrit: द्यौस्, ) or Dyauspitr (Vedic Sanskrit: द्यौष्पितृ, ) is the Rigvedic deities sky deity. His consort is Prithvi, the earth goddess, and together they are the archetypal parents in the Rigveda.
stems from Proto-Indo-Iranian [[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/dyā́wš|''*dyā́wš'']], from the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) daylight-sky god , and is [[cognate]] with the Greek Διας – [[''Zeus Patēr''|Zeus]], or ''[[Dei-pátrous|Deipaturos]]'', and Latin ''Jupiter'' (from Old Latin [[Dies piter]] ''Djous patēr''), stemming from the PIE ''Dyḗus ph₂tḗr'' ("Daylight-sky Father").''''
The noun (when used without the 'father') refers to the daylight sky, and occurs frequently in the Rigveda, as an entity. The sky in Vedic writing was described as rising in three tiers, , , and or .Rigveda, 5.60.6.
In the Ṛg·veda, Dyáuṣ Pitṛ́ appears in verses 1.89.4, 1.90.7, 1.164.33, 1.191.6, 4.1.10. and 4.17.4Sanskrit: Ṛg·veda, Wikisource; translation: Ralph T. H. Griffith , Wikisource He is also referred to under different theonyms: Dyavaprithvi, for example, is a dvandva compound combining 'heaven' and 'earth' as Dyauṣ and Prithvi.
Dyauṣ's most defining trait is his paternal role. His daughter, Ushas, personifies dawn. Entry: "Dyaus" The gods, especially Sūrya, are stated to be the children of Dyauṣ and Prithvi. Dyauṣ's other sons include Agni, Parjanya, the Ādityas, the Maruts, and the Angirases. The Ashvins are called " divó nápāt", meaning offspring/progeny/grandsons of Dyauṣ. Dyauṣ is often visualized as a roaring animal, often a bull, who fertilizes the earth. Dyauṣ is also known for the rape of his own daughter, which, according to Jamison and Brereton (2014), is vaguely but vividly mentioned in the Rigveda.
Dyauṣ is also stated to be like a black stallion studded with pearls in a simile with the night sky.
Indra's separation of Dyauṣ and Prithvi is celebrated in the Rigveda as an important creation myth.
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